
Corneal foreign bodies
Corneal foreign bodies present with pain, watering, and irritation. Remove under anaesthesia, exclude penetrating injury, and arrange follow-up.
Corneal foreign bodies present with pain, watering, and irritation. Remove under anaesthesia, exclude penetrating injury, and arrange follow-up.
Bacterial conjunctivitis is common and treatable, but screen for serious infections like gonococcus, meningococcus, and trachoma in high-risk patients.
Acute loss of vision is an ophthalmic emergency. Assess urgently. Persistent or unexplained cases require immediate specialist ophthalmology input.
Acute PAINLESS Loss of Vision Condition Time Course Notes Migraine Transient Associated headache, but no globe pain Amaurosis fugax Transient Monocular symptoms Cerebral TIA Transient Bilateral symptoms Cerebral Stroke Persistent Bilateral symptoms Central retinal artery occlusion Persistent Characteristic fundoscopy Central…
Chemical eye injuries are emergencies. Immediate irrigation, category 2 triage, and ophthalmology input are critical to preserve vision and minimise damage.
Wernicke encephalopathy is an acute, reversible condition due to thiamine deficiency. Prompt treatment prevents progression to Korsakoff’s psychosis
Tardive dyskinesia is a chronic, often permanent, hyperkinetic movement disorder caused by dopamine-blocking drugs—preventable with early detection and VMAT2 inhibitors.
Transient global amnesia (TGA) is a clinical syndrome of reversible anterograde amnesia. It is an isolated disorder of memory function, generally resolving within 24 hours with a benign prognosis.
Amaurosis fugax is sudden, painless, transient monocular vision loss from retinal ischaemia—an emergency signalling high stroke risk, requiring urgent carotid evaluation and stroke unit admission
TIA is a brief neurological event with high stroke risk. Urgent imaging, specialist review, and early treatment are critical to prevent ischaemic stroke
Acute autoimmune demyelinating polyneuropathy presenting with symmetric ascending weakness, reflex loss, and autonomic symptoms—emergency exclusion of spinal lesions
Transverse myelitis is a rare neuro-inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord causing motor, sensory, and autonomic dysfunction. Urgent MRI is essential.