
Systolic pressure variation
Systolic Pressure Variation and Stroke Volume Variation between spontaneous breathing and mechanical ventilation
Systolic Pressure Variation and Stroke Volume Variation between spontaneous breathing and mechanical ventilation
Cardiac Output (CO) = Stroke Volume (SV) x Heart rate (HR) CO = SV x HR changes based on exercise, age and body size. normal adult = 5L/min Stroke Volume (SV) determined by: Preload Afterload Contractility