Myocarditis
Myocarditis: inflammation of heart muscle -> lymphocytic and fibroblast infiltration + myocyte necrosis
Month January 2019
Myocardial Stunning
Myocardial Stunning = temporary cardiac muscle dysfunction secondary to an insult (ischaemia, hypoxia, very high afterload); can be focal or global
Murmurs and Valve Lesions
Description of Cardiac murmurs and valvular lesions;
Lown-Ganong-Levine Syndrome
Lown–Ganong–Levine syndrome (LGL): Proposed pre-excitation syndrome. Accessory pathway composed of James fibres. Characteristic ECG findings of short PR interval (<120ms); normal P wave axis; normal/narrow QRS morphology in the presence of paroxysmal tachyarrhythmias
Long QT Syndrome
Long QT Syndrome (LQTS) produces prolonged ventricular repolarisation -> predisposes to malignant ventricular arrhythmias
Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction (LVOTO)
Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction (LVOTO) and systolic anterior motion (SAM) of the mitral valve
Junctional Ectopic Tachycardia
Junctional Ectopic Tachycardia: rare; congenital or post surgery for congenital heart disease; abnormal automaticity within the His bundle; high mortality rate (35%)
Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators (ICDs)
Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators (ICDs): implantable device defibrillator +/- pacemaker (counter shock vector is from RV -> both SVC)
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is one of the most common inherited cardiac disorders (affecting ~ 1 in 500 people) and is the number one cause of sudden cardiac death in young athletes. Annual mortality is estimated at 1-2 %.
Heart Transplant Patient
Criteria for heart transplant recipient
Anion Gap
OVERVIEW Anion Gap = Na+ – (Cl- + HCO3-) The Anion Gap (AG) is a derived variable primarily used for the evaluation of metabolic acidosis to determine the presence of unmeasured anions The normal anion gap depends on serum phosphate…
Airway Assessment
This page is currently under revision OVERVIEW The goal of airway assessment is to identify patients who may have difficult airways, mandating alternate approaches to airway management “History predicts the future” – whenever possible identify: Airway assessment and prediction of…