Haemorrhage Volume Estimation
ABC/2 is a rapid, validated bedside formula to estimate ICH volume using CT dimensions; useful for prognostication and trial enrolment
Tag FFS
Intracerebral Haemorrhage Score
The Intracerebral Haemorrhage (ICH) Score is a prognostic scoring system for predicting mortality among patients with spontaneous ICH.
FFS: Cerebral haemorrhage
Cerebral haemorrhage is a severe form of stroke with high mortality. Timely imaging, diagnosis, reversal of anticoagulation, and specialist referral are critical.
Post-obstructive diuresis
Post-obstructive diuresis is a polyuric state in which large amounts of sodium and water are eliminated after the relief of a urinary tract obstruction.
Stroke Infarction: Clot Retrieval
Endovascular clot retrieval is a specialised, time-critical treatment for large vessel stroke, offering substantial recovery benefits when performed within 6–24 hour
Stroke Infarction: Thrombolysis
IV thrombolysis for stroke improves outcomes when given within 9 hours. Requires rapid imaging, specialist input, and strict eligibility criteria
FFS: Lateral medullary syndrome
Lateral medullary (Wallenberg) syndrome is a rare brainstem stroke due to vertebral or PICA occlusion, presenting with vertigo, dysphagia, and cranial nerve signs.
Stroke Infarction: Basilar Artery
Basilar artery stroke is a severe posterior circulation infarction. Early recognition and timely thrombolysis or clot retrieval are key to improving outcomes.
Stroke Infarction: Posterior Circulation
Posterior circulation stroke: challenging diagnosis with subtle signs. Includes classification, investigation, thrombolysis, and management of basilar infarction.
Stroke: Oxfordshire community stroke project
Summary of OCSP classification of cerebral infarction: clinical patterns, vascular territory, prognosis, and reference CT findings for each subtype.
Stroke Infarction: Anterior Circulation
Guide to anterior circulation stroke: classification, clinical features, imaging, and acute management including thrombolysis and clot retrieval
Pyelonephritis
Pyelonephritis is a common presentation to the Emergency Department. The most important consideration is renal tract imaging to rule out an obstructive cause, which can rapidly lead to severe sepsis.