High airway and alveolar pressures
High airway pressures are important because they may have adverse effects on the patient; indicate a deterioration of the patient’s condition; indicate an equipment problem that needs to be addressed
Month January 2019
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome – ARDS
OVERVIEW DEFINITION The Berlin Definition (2013) SEVERITY ARDS Severity PaO2/FiO2* Mortality** Mild 200 – 300 27% Moderate 100 – 200 32% Severe < 100 45% *on PEEP 5+; **observed in cohort RISK FACTORS Direct Indirect PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Classical phases Complex interplay:…
Philip S Wells
Biography Born Kincardine, Canada 1984 – Graduated with MD from the University of Ottawa 1989 – Achieved FRCP Internal Medicine Fellowship from the University of Ottawa 1991 – Achieved FRCP specialisation in haematology at McMaster University 1994 – MSc in…
Tranexamic Acid
Tranexamic Acid (TXA): anti-fibrinolytic agent with many uses in preventing haemorrhage that rose to prominence following the CRASH-2 study showing a mortality benefit in trauma patients
Post-intubation hypoxia
Post-intubation hypoxia can be rapidly fatal without early intervention, which requires a structured approach to concurrently identifying and treating the underlying cause
Dabigatran and Bleeding
Dabigatran is a direct thrombin inhibitor; It is viewed as a warfarin replacement; It's use is controversial because the management of bleeding complications is difficult and there is no definitive antidote
Respiratory Alkalosis DDx
Respiratory Alkalosis DDx
Respiratory Acidosis DDx
Respiratory Acidosis DDx
Metabolic acidosis DDx
Metabolic acidosis DDx
Urea
Urea (Blood Urea Nitrogen – BUN) is the chief end product of protein metabolism. it is formed in the liver from ammonia and excreted by the kidneys. Urea accounts for 50% of serum non-protein nitrogen Causes of Increased serum urea…
Hypomagnesaemia
Hypomagnesaemia: Defined as serum magnesium < 0.75 mmol/L; associated with increased ICU mortality common — affects 10-65% of ICU patients
Arterial Blood Gas Sample
Indications: Evaluate the adequacy of ventilation, acid–base status, and oxygenation. Evaluate the patient’s response to therapy and/or diagnostic evaluation (e.g. oxygen delivery). Monitor severity and progression of a known disease process. Contraindications: Modified Allen test gives a negative result, indicating…