Charles Baxter

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Biography

• Born on November 4, 1929 at Paris, Texas
• 1950 – graduated from the University of Texas, Austin
• 1954 – MD from the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
• 1956 – research investigator at Brooke Army Medical Center (BAMC)
• 1958 – entered general surgery training, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School
• 1961 – director of the Parkland Burn Center
• 1972 – president of the American Burn Association
• 1973 – A defining moment in his career, when an 8-year-old girl was discharged from the Parkland Burn Unit after sustaining a 92% body surface area burn. She was the first patient to receive a skin allograft from the newly established tissue bank.
• 1977 – Frank H. Kidd, Jr., Professor of Surgery at the University of Texas Southwestern
• 1980 – Director of the NIH Burn Research Center; President of the American Association for Surgery of Trauma
• 1980-1997 first and only editor of the Journal of Burn Care and Rehabilitation
• 1993 – Professor Emeritus of surgery at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical School
• Died on March 10, 2005 at Dallas, Texas
• Awards: American Burn Association’s Harvey Stuart Allen Distinguished Service Award for lifetime outstanding service in the field of burns (1981); Whitaker International Burns Award (1983); Curtis P. Artz Award from the American Society of Trauma (1985)

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Medical Eponyms

Parkland Formula for Burns (1968)

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Major Publications

• Baxter CR. Burns. In Care of the Trauma Patient. Shires TG, 1966; 13: 197–222. McGraw-Hill. N. Y.
• McClelland RN, Shires GT, Baxter CR, Coln CD, Carrico J. Balanced salt solution in the treatment of hemorrhagic shock. Studies in dogs. JAMA. 1967 Mar 13;199(11):830-4.
• Baxter CR, Shires T. Physiological response to crystalloid resuscitation of severe burns. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1968 Aug 14;150(3):874-94. [Parkland Formula] [4 mL/kg/%TBSA burn of LR]
• Baxter CR, Marvin J, Curreri PW. Fluid and electrolyte therapy of burn shock. Heart Lung. 1973 Sep-Oct;2(5):707-13.
• Baxter CR. Fluid volume and electrolyte changes of the early postburn period. Clin Plast Surg. 1974 Oct;1(4):693-703.

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References

Biography

• Warden GD. A Dedication to Charles R. Baxter, MD. The Journal of Burn Care & Rehabilitation. 1999; 20(2): 95-96
• Charles Baxter, 75, Surgeon for Kennedy, Is Dead, NY Times. March 15, 2005
• Charles Baxter; Texas Doctor Tried to Save JFK’s Life. Washinton Post , March 13, 2005

Eponymous terms

• Mitchell KB, Khalil E, Brennan A, Shao H, Rabbitts A, Leahy NE, Yurt RW, Gallagher JJ. New management strategy for fluid resuscitation: quantifying volume in the first 48 hours after burn injury. J Burn Care Res. 2013 Jan-Feb;34(1):196-202.
• Satahoo SS, Palmieri TL. Fluid Resuscitation in Burns: 2 cc, 3 cc, or 4 cc? Curr Trauma Rep 5, 2019; 99–105

Reviews

• Klein MB, Hayden D, Elson C, Nathens AB, Gamelli RL, Gibran NS, Herndon DN, Arnoldo B, Silver G, Schoenfeld D, Tompkins RG. The association between fluid administration and outcome following major burn: a multicenter study. Ann Surg. 2007 Apr;245(4):622-8.
• Chung KK, Wolf SE, Cancio LC, Alvarado R, Jones JA, McCorcle J, King BT, Barillo DJ, Renz EM, Blackbourne LH. Resuscitation of severely burned military casualties: fluid begets more fluid. J Trauma. 2009 Aug;67(2):231-7; discussion 237
• Guilabert P, Usúa G, Martín N, Abarca L, Barret JP, Colomina MJ. Fluid resuscitation management in patients with burns: update. Br J Anaesth. 2016 Sep;117(3):284-96. 
• Saffle JR. Fluid Creep and Over-resuscitation. Crit Care Clin. 2016 Oct;32(4):587-98.
• Rosenthal J, Clark A, Campbell S, McMahon M, Arnoldo B, Wolf SE, Phelan H. Effects of obesity on burn resuscitation. Burns. 2018 Dec;44(8):1947-1953
• Satahoo SS, Palmieri TL. Fluid Resuscitation in Burns: 2 cc, 3 cc, or 4 cc? Curr Trauma Rep 5, 2019; 99–105

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