Rotavirus
Rotavirus is the leading cause of gastroenteritis worldwide and a leading cause of infant death in the developing world. 95% of U.S. children have had a rotavirus infection by the age of 5 years.
Category CCC
The LITFL Critical Care Compendium is a comprehensive collection of pages concisely covering the core topics and controversies of critical care.
Oesophageal Doppler
Oesophageal Doppler Cardiac Output Monitor; non-invasive cardiac output monitor
Peritoneal Fluid Analysis
The peritoneum is a tough semi-permeable membrane lining abdominal and visceral cavities. it encloses, supports and lubricates organs within the cavity. Paracentesis is effectively the analysis of 'Ascites' - the abnormal accumulation of fluid within the abdomen.
Quantitative Data Types and Tests
Quantitative data is that which can be expressed numerically and is associated with a measurement scale; not all numbers constitute quantitative data (e.g. tax file number!)
Calcium basics
Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body. 1.5% of body weight; 99% is in bone matrix; 1100gramm (27mmol)
Factor VIIa
Tissue factor + VIIa + platelets -> platelet aggregation -> production of platelet-fibrin matrix -> haemostasis; used in massive transfusion senario’s to attempt to control intractable haemorrhage
Oxygen saturation targets in critical care
Oxygen saturation targets in critical illness. Both the extremes of hypoxaemia and hyperoxia have the potential to harm critically ill patients and worsen their outcomes
Burns, Oxygenation and Ventilation
Burns can affect 4 anatomic areas of the respiratory tract:: Supraglottal; tracheobronchial;
pulmonary parenchymal; and chest/abdominal wall
Stress Induced Hyperglycaemia
Stress Induced Hyperglycaemia (SIH) is transient hyperglycaemia associated with acute illness
resolves with resolution of the underlying critical illness
Adenosine
Adenosine: short acting anti-arrhythmic; naturally occurring purine nucleoside. Epression of SA & AV nodal activity; antagonises cAMP-mediated catecholamine stimulation of ventricular muscle
History of Emergency Medicine
The history of emergency medicine in Australia and New Zealand has paralleled developments in the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom, although the models of emergency care exhibit some variation between systems, and between institutions within these systems
Surrogate outcomes
Surrogate outcomes are biomarkers intended to substitute for a clinical endpoint and expected to predict clinical benefit or harm based on epidemiologic, therapeutic, pathophysiologic, or other scientific evidence