Acid base disorders and Osmolar Gaps
This is quick reference page to acid base disorders in toxicology and osmolar gaps. Zeff a toxicologist from Melbourne talks through his approach and the errors that can occur with osmolar and anion gaps.
Category CCC
The LITFL Critical Care Compendium is a comprehensive collection of pages concisely covering the core topics and controversies of critical care.
ECG Case 074
97 year old gentleman found unconscious at home. Brought into emergency by ambulance at 10am having last been seen at 8pm the evening before.
Antidotes Summary
Antidotes are agents that counteract the effects of a toxic agent on the body. They do not primarily affect the systemic absorption or removal of toxic agents from the body (i.e. decontamination and enhanced elimination respectively)
Everything ECMO
In specialist centres, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a now a mainstay of the management of cardio/respiratory failure refractory to other measures. However, much of the clinical information required to care for ECMO patients at the bedside remains inaccessible to…
Euboxia and (Ab)Normality
WHAT IS EUBOXIA? ‘Euboxia‘ is the pathophysiological state whereby ‘all boxes on a pathology print-out are in the normal range’ (Reade, 2009). LITFL — Don’t put your patient in a box Reade MC (2009). Should we question if something works…
Mini Tracheostomy
Mini Tracheostomy: narrow bore tracheostomy tube inserted through the cricothyroid membrane
Gas-forming infections
emphysematous cystitis or pyelonephritis - usually E. coli or Klebsiella; emphysematous cholecystitis - 1/3 Clostridium perfringens, the rest are mostly E. coli or Klebsiella
Exercise-associated Hyponatremia
A 30 year-old female was BIBA to the ED following a seizure. She was running a marathon in hot weather. Nearing the end, after 5 hours running, she was seen fall to the ground and had a generalised tonic-clonic seizure.
Diarrhoea CCC
Diarrhoea: common in ICU; pathophysiology: secretory, motor, exudative, osmotic
Cooling mattress
Cooling mattress: mattress used for therapeutic active cooling
Hyponatraemia CCC
Cause of HYPOnatraemia Click to enlarge Clinical Severity of symptoms associated with rapidity of loss and extent of fall Complication Correction Depends on rapidity of onset and clinical symptoms Calculations: Na deficit= (desired Na-current Na) x (0.6 x body weight)…
Diffuse Alveolar Haemorrhage
Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage is an acute, life-threatening event, and repeated episodes can lead to organizing pneumonia, collagen deposition in small airways, and, ultimately, fibrosis