Imaging of COVID-19 pneumonia: a critical care perspective
Overview of lung imaging for COVID-19 pneumonia, from a critical care perspective (Critical Care Compendium)
Category Respiratory
Respiratory Monitoring in the ED
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TRALI
Transfusion related acute lung injury (TRALI) is defined as hypoxia and bilateral pulmonary edema occurring during or within 6 h of a transfusion in the absence of other causes such as cardiac failure or intravascular volume overload
Platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome
Platypnea-orthodeoxia (P-O) syndrome is an under-diagnosed condition characterized by dyspnea and deoxygenation when changing from a recumbent to an upright position
Oxygen saturation targets in critical care
Oxygen saturation targets in critical illness. Both the extremes of hypoxaemia and hyperoxia have the potential to harm critically ill patients and worsen their outcomes
Lung Transplant
Can have one or both lungs transplanted depending on disease process. Single lung transplants only suitable for non-infective conditions that will not go on to damage new lung, with no cardiac disease
Negative Pressure Pulmonary Oedema
Negative pressure pulmonary edema (NPPE) is a form of noncardiogenic pulmonary edema (PE) that results from the generation of high negative intrathoracic pressure (NIP) needed to overcome upper airway obstruction
Community Acquired Pneumonia
Community Acquired Pneumonia: Streptococcus pneumonia (most common organism); other causes: Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae and Legionella, Haemophilus influenzae (in COPD)
Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Retention in COPD
Excessive oxygen administration can lead to hypercapnic respiratory failure in some COPD patients. COPD patients with more severe hypoxemia are at higher risk of CO2 retention from uncontrolled O2 administration
Pneumothorax CCC
Spontaneous – primary (no disease) and secondary (underlying lung disease)
Traumatic - non-iatrogenic and iatrogenic (barotrauma and procedure related)
Routine Daily Chest X-ray
Routine Daily Chest X-ray: controversial issue; viewed as an essential tool but is subject to overuse and misinterpretation; no evidence of harm from a more restrictive strategy
Cryptogenic Organising Pneumonia
Cryptogenic Organising Pneumonia (COP) is also known as bronchiolitis obliterans organising pneumonia (BOOP); not the same as bronchiolitis obliterans; the rapidly progressive form has a very poor prognosis