List the major biochemical abnormalities that are usually associated with the following conditions:

A 42-year-old male is admitted to ICU following a cadaveric orthotopic liver transplant for end-stage liver disease secondary to alcohol-induced cirrhosis.

With regards to antibiotic dosing. Look at the diagram below, representing antibiotic drug concentration versus time, and answer the questions below:

Outline the principles of, and strategies for management of a persisting bronchopleural fistula (BPF) in a mechanically ventilated patient.

Compare and contrast the use of continuous veno-venous haemodialysis (CVVHD), intermittent haemodialysis (IHD) and slow continuous ultrafiltration (SCUF) in the intensive care patient.

List the complications and their likely underlying mechanisms specifically related to cardiopulmonary bypass that may be seen in the Intensive Care Unit following cardiac surgery.

A 76-year-old female is admitted to the ICU following elective aortic and mitral valve replacement. Transoesophageal echo assessment at the end of surgery showed an ejection fraction of 20%. Her preoperative creatinine was 340 micromol/L. Total bypass time was 240 minutes.

With regards to the determination of brain death; list the preconditions that must be met prior to the determination of brain death by clinical criteria

Briefly discuss the information (including clinical features / investigations) that may help determine the prognosis of patients following cardiac arrest.

In patients suffering from major burns, outline the possible physiologic derangements and their underlying mechanisms that could contribute to problems of oxygenation and ventilation.

Define cachexia. List the factors that may predispose to cachexia AND the consequences of cachexia in a ventilated patient with sepsis and multi-organ dysfunction syndrome.