Category LITFL
Marie-Strümpell disease 680

Marie-Strümpell disease

Marie-Strümpell disease (ankylosing spondylitis): a chronic inflammatory spinal arthritis with progressive axial fusion, first described by Pierre Marie and Adolf Strümpell in the late 19th century.

August Gottlieb Richter (1742-1812) 680

August Richter

August Gottlieb Richter (1742–1812), German surgeon; Richter’s hernia, advanced cataract extraction, and elevated surgery into academia

Sir Benjamin Collins Brodie (1783-1862) 680

Benjamin Brodie

Sir Benjamin Brodie (1783–1862), English surgeon; pioneer in joint disease, Brodie’s abscess, medical ethics, and surgical education reform.

Manfred Joshua Sakel (1900-1957)

Manfred Sakel

Manfred J. Sakel (1900–1957), Austrian neuropsychiatrist, pioneered insulin coma therapy—an early somatic treatment for schizophrenia, now obsolete

Ugo Cerletti (1877-1963) 680

Ugo Cerletti

Ugo Cerletti (1877–1963), Italian neuropsychiatrist, pioneered ECT with Lucio Bini in 1938, reshaping psychiatric care and inspiring early biological psychiatry.