Louis Vaquez
Louis Henri Vaquez (1860-1936) was a French physician
Vaquez, favourite pupil of Carl Pierre Édouard Potain (1825-1901), who introduced France to the use of the electrocardiogram. He was a master of clinical cardiolog; founder and editor of the journal Archives des maladies du coeur, vaissaux et du sang.
Known for his work in the field of haematology (making several contributions in the study of leukaemia) and his research of heart disease (particularly on cardiac arrhythmia, hypertension and the pathophysiology of Stokes-Adams syndrome). He also developed radiological examination of the heart and aorta by administering oubain intravenously
He is famous for describing polycythaemia vera in 1892 – ‘a special form of persistent polycythaemia, associated neither with the cyanosis of high altitude nor of congenital heart disease‘. Known as Vaquez disease or Vaquez-Osler disease after the description by Sir William Osler (1849–1919) in 1903.
Biography
- Born on August 27, 1860 in Paris
- Completed secondary studies at the lycée Condorcet. He then studied medicine at the Faculté de médecine de Paris
- 1885-1889 interne des hôpitaux; médaillé d’argent (1889)
- 1890 – MD defending thèse ‘De la thrombose cachectique‘
- 1891 – head of the pathological physiology work in la clinique médicale de la Charité; clinicien en chef (1892)
- 1892 – First to describe the blood disorder polycythaemia vera
- 1895 – Médecin des hôpitaux; médecin du bureau central. First at la Maison de santé, then à Saint Antoine (1902), and finally à la Pitié en 1920
- 1898 – Professeur agrégé; professeur de pathologie médicale replacing Pierre Joseph Teissier (1864-1932)
- 1908 – Founder and editor of the journal Archives des maladies du coeur, vaissaux et du sang
- 1918 – Professor of clinical medicine; elected a member of the Académie de Médecine
- 1920 – Professeur de clinique thérapeutique à la Faculté de médecine de Paris replacing Albert Edouard Charles Robin (1847-1928)
- 1927 – Légion d’honneur
- 1931 – Professeur honoraire; médecin honoraire des hôpitaux de Paris.
- Died on April 15, 1936 in Paris
Medical Eponyms
Vaquez-Osler disease (1892)
[aka Vaquez Disease; Erythraemia; Polycythemia Vera]
Acquired myeloproliferative disorder characterized by an elevated absolute red blood cell mass caused by uncontrolled red blood cell production, frequently associated with uncontrolled white blood cell and platelet production.
Vaquez-Cottet test (1912)
A test for investigating the permeability of the kidney for water.
Major Publications
- Vaquez H. De la thrombose cachectique. Paris, Steinheil, 1890
- Vaquez H. Hygiène des maladies du coeur. 1899
- Vaquez LH. Sur une forme spéciale de cyanose s’accompagnant d’hyperglobulie excessive et persistante. Comptes rendus de la Société de biologie, Paris, 1892; 44: 384-388. [Translation: The Special Form of Cyanosis Accompanying Persistent Hyperglobulinemia. In: Major RH. Classic Descriptions of Disease, 1932]
- Vaquez H. Précis de thérapeutique. 1907
- Vaquez H, Esmein C. Les arythmies. 1911
- Vaquez H, Cottet J. Épreuve de la diurèse provoquée, polyurie expérimentale. Valeur séméiologique du rythme d’élimination urinaire de l’eau et des chlorures. La Presse médicale, 1912; 20: 993-995. [Vaquez-Cottet test]
- Vaquez H, Bordet E. Radiologie des vaisseaux de la base du coeur. 1916. [Translation: The heart and the aorta; studies in clinical radiology 2e1920]
- Vaquez H. Maladies du coeur. 1921
- Vaquez H. Appareil circulatoire. 1922
- Vaquez H, Theodoresco B. Médicaments et médications cardiaques. 1925
- Vaquez H. La pression moyenne de l’homme à l’état normal et pathologique. 1936
References
Biography
- Vaquez H. Titres et travaux scientifiques. 1919
- Clerc A. Notice nécrologique sur M. Vaquez, Bulletin de l’Académie nationale de médecine 1936; 115: 685-695.
- Louis Henri Vaquez (1860-1936). JAMA. 1969; 207(1): 144
- Fresquet JL. Louis Henri Vaquez (1860-1936). Historia de la Medicina
- Peschanski N, Cadogan M. Twelve Professors of Pathology (1910). LITFL
- Bibliography. Vaquez, Henri 1860-1936. WorldCat Identities
Eponymous terms
- Osler W. Chronic cyanosis, with polycythaemia and enlarged spleen: a new clinical entity. American Journal of the Medical Sciences 1903; 126: 187-201. [Vaquez-Osler disease]
Reprinted in Medical Classics, 1939; 4: 254-275. - Osler W. A Clinical Lecture on ERYTHRÆMIA. Lancet 1908;171(4403):143-146 [Vaquez-Osler disease]
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