Outline the potential mechanisms of ventilator associated lung injury in patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and the steps that can be taken to minimise them.

You are asked to review a 64-year-old male who has been brought to the Emergency Department having been burned in a house fire. He is drowsy and confused with a persistent cough and unable to give a coherent history.

The following questions refer to implantable cardiac pacemakers and implantable cardiac defibrillators.

3.1 A 70-year-old, 42kg female with chronic renal failure, Type 2 diabetes and a history of alcohol abuse was admitted for management of leg ulcers infected with MSSA. Ten days into her admission she became increasingly short of breath and was referred to ICU.

With reference to a randomized controlled trial, briefly describe the terms “blinding” and “allocation concealment”

The following questions relate to the ventilatory management of a critically ill adult patient with asthma.