FFS: COPD
COPD is a chronic respiratory disease with irreversible airflow limitation, often due to smoking, marked by exacerbations needing oxygen and ventilatory support.
Tag FFS
Visceral artery aneurysm
Visceral artery aneurysm (VAA) and visceral artery pseudoaneurysm (VAPA) are arterial aneurysms affecting the coeliac, superior mesenteric, or inferior mesenteric arteries and their branches.
FFS: Asthma
Asthma is a chronic disease with acute, potentially fatal exacerbations. ED care hinges on severity assessment, rapid bronchodilation, and appropriate escalation.
FFS: Aspiration
Aspiration can cause chemical pneumonitis or bacterial pneumonia; management depends on severity and suspicion of infection, with antibiotics if in doubt.
Axillary and subclavian vein thrombosis
Axillary and subclavian vein thrombosis is an important diagnosis to make. The incidence of pulmonary embolism (PE) and long-term sequelae is high in untreated cases.
FFS: Asbestosis
Asbestosis is a progressive fibrotic lung disease from asbestos inhalation, with restrictive pattern, pleural disease, and risk of mesothelioma and lung cancer.
FFS: Pleural Effusion
Pleural effusion is fluid accumulation in the pleural space, classified as transudate or exudate. Diagnosis is clinical and radiological; aspiration guides cause and therapy.
ARDS: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
ARDS is acute non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema with severe hypoxaemia, often due to systemic or direct lung injury, requiring ventilatory support.
FFS: Nasal High Flow Oxygen (NHF)
Nasal High Flow oxygen delivers humidified, warmed high-flow oxygen via nasal cannula, providing a well-tolerated alternative to NIV in mild to moderate respiratory distress.
BHCG, Rhesus D and Progesterone
15% of the population are Rhesus negative; Rh D immunoglobulin is administered to non-sensitised Rh D negative women to prevent the development of Rh D antibodies and in so doing prevent Rh D induced haemolytic disease of the newborn.
Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction
Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (ACPO or Ogilvie syndrome) is an under-recognized disorder characterized by acute and extensive dilatation of the colon in the absence of an anatomic lesion obstructing the gastrointestinal tract.
HELLP syndrome
HELLP syndrome develops in pregnancy characterized by the triad of haemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and a low platelet count