Drowning is the process of experiencing respiratory impairment from submersion/immersion in liquid (WHO 2002 definition)
drowning can be due to — submersion (the airway goes below the level of the surface of the liquid) or — immersion (a liquid is splashed across a person’s face, e.g water-boarding)
DETRIMENTAL EFFECTS Detrimental effects are due to impaired cardiac output and organ perfusion and oxygen delivery oliguria -> ATN -> cortical necrosis -> ARF cerebral ischaemia -> confusion -> decreased LOC -> infarction myocardial ischaemia -> cardiogenic shock -> heart…
The roles and priorities in a cardiac arrest situation is dependent on: the environment where arrest takes place; the nature of the cardiac arrest, ; and the skill mix of the people in the immediate environment
A team-based approach to the management of the post-ROSC patient focuses on initiation of therapeutic hypothermia, treatment of the underlying cause with transfer to the cath lab where appropriate, and management of the post-cardiac arrest syndrome.
Deresuscitation specifically refers to 'Late Goal Directed Fluid Removal (LGFR)', which involves "aggressive and active fluid removal by means of diuretics and renal replacement therapy with net ultrafiltration" (Malbrain et al, 2014)
The endothelial glycocalyx (EG) is a thin proteinaceous layer previously thought to be inert, that is now thought to play a key role in vascular integrity and function. The glycocalyx has potential as a novel therapeutic target
Systolic Pressure Variation and Stroke Volume Variation between spontaneous breathing and mechanical ventilation
Vasoactive agents include the following: inotropes; vasopressors; inodilators and some that don't fit like dopamine...
Chronic Graft vs Host Disease is organ dysfunction occurring > 100 days post transplantation; distinct clinical syndrome from acute GVHD; pathophysiology poorly understood
Encephalitis an acute encephalopathy due to an inflammatory cause
Underlying causes are numerous and may be infectious or non-infectious, many of which lack effective therapies
Stroke Thrombolysis: thrombolysis for acute ischaemic stroke is a controversial intervention; it is supported by a number of guidelines and in general is viewed favourably by the neurological community
Pablo Luis Mirizzi (1893 - 1964) was an Argentinian surgeon.