Methanol Toxicity
Methanol Toxicity
Month January 2019
Regional citrate anticoagulation
Regional Citrate Anticoagulation is the infusion of citrate into the blood circuit during renal replacement therapy (RRT) to chelate ionized Ca2+ forming calcium-citrate complexes, thus preventing coagulation of blood; calcium is required for the generation of thrombin (involved in the activation of factors II, IX and X)
Malignant Hyperthermia
Malignant Hyperthermia = pharmacogenetic disease of skeletal muscle induced by exposure to certain anaesthetic agents; incidence 1:5,000 -> 1:65,000 anaesthetics (suspected); mutation in the gene coding for the ryanodine receptor
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: life-threatening extrapyramidal complication of using neuroleptic drugs
Anticholinergic Syndrome
Anticholinergic Syndrome
Sympathomimetic toxidrome
Sympathomimetic toxidrome
Evidence-based Toxicology
Much of what we do in toxicology is because we think it works, not because we know it works. Clinical toxicology has traditionally been based on animal studies, case reports and case series based on clinical observation rather than clinical trials
Iron Overdose
Iron overdose can have local gastrointestinal effects as well as characteristic systemic toxicity (metabolic acidosis, liver failure, shock and multi-organ failure). Risk assessment is based on the amount of elemental iron ingested
Tick Paralysis
Tick paralysis is a rare life-threatening disorder caused by envenoming from ixodid tick bites. Can cause respiratory paralysis
Plant Toxicity
Severe toxicity from plants is rare in humans; risk assessment is often difficult - plant identification may be difficult; - toxin quantification may be impossible
Infections in the Immunocompromised
immunosuppression is increasingly common in the ICU and in the community; due to conditions such as chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation for cancer, solid organ transplantation, and therapies for autoimmune and rheumatological diseases; such patients are susceptible to the common pathogens seen as well as opportunistic pathogens