Bronchiectasis
Bronchiectasis
Category Respiratory
Open Lung Biopsy
Biopsy should be taken from a representative area, not one with a high likelihood of non-specific fibrosis (eg. dependent segments of RML)
Biopsy should not be performed too late in disease process
Risks versus utility of information gathered must be weighed carefully
Progressive Pneumonia
Nonresolving or Progressive Pneumonia: failure to normalize the clinical features (eg, fever, cough, sputum production), or nonresolving image in chest radiograph
Hilar adenopathy DDx
Hilar lymphadenopathy, seen on chest x-ray or chest CT, can be classified as unilateral or bilateral, and if bilateral as symmetrical or asymmetrical.
Aspiration Pneumonia
Aspiration Pneumonia = aspiration of oropharyngeal contents which includes colonizing flora and leads to infection.
Oxygen-Haemoglobin Dissociation Curve
sigmoid shape of the oxy-Hb dissociation curve results from the allosteric interactions of the globin monomers that make up the haemoglobin tetramer as each one binds O2. Multiple factors can affect the affinity of Hb for oxygen, thus causing the curve to shift to the left (increased oxygen affinity) or to the right (decreased O2 affinity)
Lung Abscess
CLINICAL FEATURES fever cough SOB sputum nonresolving pneumonia RISK FACTORS dental caries foreign body aspiration (tooth, peanut) severe necrotising pneumonia altered LOC dysphagia IV drug use (septic emboli) septic thrombophlebits (pelvic or internal jugular) tumour Tb vasculitis MANAGEMENT identify organism…
PaO2/FiO2 Ratio (P/F Ratio)
PaO2/FiO2 ratio is the ratio of arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2 in mmHg) to fractional inspired oxygen (FiO2 expressed as a fraction, not a percentage)
Acute Severe Asthma
Acute Severe Asthma. increased prevalence worldwide. significant morbidity and mortality -> related to underestimation of severity. improved outpatient management + more inhaled corticosteroids have meant less serious presentations
Non-Invasive Ventilation (NIV)
Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is the application of respiratory support via a sealed face-mask, nasal mask, mouthpiece, full face visor or helmet without the need for intubation
Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) and asthma
Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is widely used for severe asthma in Australasia yet remains a controversial topic
Intercostal Catheter (Chest Drain)
Intercostal Catheter (Chest Drain) tube inserted into pleural space to allow drainage of contents