Spit, Scratch, Splash, Stick
Spit, scratch, splash or stick? Assess HIV exposure risk in the ED, identify when PEP is needed, and start treatment promptly after significant exposure.
Category LITFL
CXR eponyms in pulmonary embolism
CXR eponyms in pulmonary embolism: Westermark, Hampton, Fleischner, Chang and Palla signs, their history, original descriptions and modern relevance.
Awake in VF
Awake in VF. Inferior OMI complicated by refractory ventricular fibrillation, CPR-induced consciousness, stellate ganglion block and successful PCI.
The Mono That Wasn’t
Recognise acute, chronic and advanced HIV in the ED, with practical guidance on testing windows, screening, diagnosis and PJP presentation.
Hip and pelvic lines and arcs
Hip and pelvic radiographic lines, arcs, angles and eponyms used to assess developmental dysplasia, SCFE, mature hip morphology and alignment.
Bennett fracture
Bennett fracture: definition, imaging, management, distinction from Rolando fracture, and the history of Edward Hallaran Bennett’s eponymous injury.
Köhler line
Köhler line is the ilioischial line on AP pelvis X-ray, to assess coxa profunda and protrusio acetabuli. History and interpretation.
Gilula carpal arcs
Gilula carpal arcs. Three smooth lines used to assess carpal alignment on PA wrist X-rays. Definition, disruption, variants and history.
Shenton Line
Shenton line is the cervico-obturator arc used to assess hip alignment on AP pelvic radiographs. Definition, history, Ménard attribution and eponymythology.
Böhler angle
Böhler angle: radiographic measurement, normal values, clinical use, limitations and the original 1929 description by Lorenz Böhler.
Freiberg infraction
Freiberg infraction is osteochondrosis of a lesser metatarsal head, usually the second. Review presentation, imaging, treatment, history and eponymythology.
Köhler disease
Köhler disease is a self-limiting osteochondrosis of the tarsal navicular in children. Definition, imaging, management, prognosis, history and eponymythology.