
Splinter haemorrhages DDx
Splinter hemorrhages are lesions caused by linear bleeding under a fingernail or toenail, resembling a splinter.
Splinter hemorrhages are lesions caused by linear bleeding under a fingernail or toenail, resembling a splinter.
Meropenem: carbapenem; inhibits cell wall synthesis; empiric treatment for severe sepsis
Midazolam: imidazobenzodiazepine; act via benodiazepine receptor in CNS; linked and facilitate action of the GABA receptor; chloride channel activation -> hyperpolarises membrane.
Thickened tethered skin is usually suggestive of an underlying rheumatological/ immune condition.
Milrinone: bipyridine; non receptor mediated inhibitor of cAMP phosphodiesterase III isoenzyme -> decrease the hydrolysis of cAMP; increase cAMP (analogous to activating a Gs protein)
Morphine: opioid analgesic; mu and kappa receptor agonist; increase intracellular Ca2+ -> increased K+ conductance -> hyperpolarisation of excitable cell membranes -> decrease in pre & post synaptic responses; reversed by naloxone
N-acetylcysteine (NAC): glutathione supplementation ? protects the liver by maintaining and restoring glutathione levels or by acting as an alternate substrate for conjugation with -> detoxification of reactive metabolites.
Naloxone: opioid receptor antagonist; competitive antagonism at mu, kappa and delta receptors -> prevention of binding to endogenous and exogenous opiate receptors.
Noradrenaline (norepinephrine) hypotension refractory to fluid resuscitation (primarily distributive shock such as septic shock, neurogenic shock, post-bypass vasoplegia and drug-induced)
NSAIDS: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; non-selective COX inhibitors
Octreotide: somatostatin analogue; reduces portal hypertension; antidote to sulfonylureas; reduces GI secretions
Omeprazole: proton pump inhibitor; inhibits Na-H+ exchanger in parietal cell membrane