Robert Graves
Robert James Graves (1796–1853): Irish physician, pioneer of bedside teaching, described Graves’ disease, reformed fever care, and influenced modern clinical medicine.
Tag Graves Ophthalmopathy
Exophthalmos (Proptosis)
Exophthalmos (proptosis) is abnormal eye protrusion, often from Graves disease or orbital lesions. Urgent assessment is needed to prevent vision loss.
Alix Joffroy
Alix Joffroy (1844 - 1908) was a French neurologist and psychiatrist. Eponymously affiliated with Joffroy sign in Graves ophthalmopathy
Joffroy sign
Joffroy sign (1893): absent wrinkling of the forehead when a patient in patients Graves Ophthalmopathy looks up with the head bent forwards.
Albrecht von Graefe
Albrecht von Gräfe (1828 – 1870) was a German ophthalmologist. Founder of scientific ophthalmology, Graefe sign (1864)
Karl Stellwag von Carion
Karl Stellwag von Carion (1823 – 1904) was an Austrian ophthalmologist. Eponym: Stellwag Sign (1869) in Graves orbitopathy
Dalrymple sign
Dalrymple sign: Widened palpebral tissue (lid retraction) or lid spasm seen in thyrotoxicosis (Graves disease) by John Dalrymple (1852)
Graves orbitopathy
Time to review the descriptions and eponymythology of the forgotten signs associated with Graves orbitopathy - the signs of Dalrymple, Stellwag, von Graefe, Möbius and Joffroy...
Graves Ophthalmopathy
Graves Ophthalmopathy: constellation of findings, apparent in 25-50% of patients with Graves disease. Robert Graves 1835
Graves disease
Graves disease: Autoimmune disease that affects the thyroid. A form of hyperthyroidism manifesting the triad of goitre, exophthalmos and pretibial myxoedema.