Follath F, et al; Steering Committee and Investigators of the Levosimendan Infusion versus Dobutamine (LIDO) Study. Efficacy and safety of intravenous levosimendan compared with dobutamine in severe low-output heart failure (the LIDO study): a randomised double-blind trial. Lancet. 2002 Jul…
Heart Block and Conduction Abnormalities with first, second, third degree blocks; and fascicular blocks
Adverse effects of Endotracheal Intubation. Can be classified anatomically or into immediate, short and long term complications.
The emergency department is a busy, chaotic environment where lives are at risk and the needs of individual patients must be met and patient flow must be maintained
ICU Outreach, critical care outreach teams (CCOT), ICU liaison, intensive care. CCOT services were developed to meet the actual or potential needs of patients through critical care provision ‘without walls’
ICU Response to a Pandemic. A pandemic is a global outbreak of an infectious disease. This page uses influenza virus as an example
Equipment. Asses need; funding; purchase and implementation; education; asses benefits (audit, satisfaction, cost-benefit analysis)
In most of the world, critically ill patients are managed in closed ICUs, the closed vs open-model debate is primarily of interest in the USA
minimum standards relating to work practice, caseload, staffing and operational requirements, design, equipment and monitoring for Level III, II, I and Paediatric Intensive Care Units (PICUs)
Overall, ICU mortality continues to improve but there are reasons why mortality improvement is not faster
Metabolic acidosis can occur in both acute and chronic renal disorders; the anion gap may be elevated, due to uraemic acidosis; the anion gap may be normal, due to renal tubular acidosis (RTA)
The ‘sniffing the morning breeze position’, better termed ‘ear-to-sternal notch’ positioning, is a combination of atlanto-occipital extension and neck flexion (neck flexion of 35° and face plane extension of 15° is cited as ideal) and is considered optimal for direct laryngoscopy