Stridor
Stridor = sound on inspiration associated with airway narrowing; stridor at rest implies a reduction in airway diameter of >50%
Category Airway
Rapid Sequence Intubation (RSI)
Rapid sequence intubation (RSI) is an airway management technique that produces inducing immediate unresponsiveness (induction agent) and muscular relaxation (neuromuscular blocking agent) and is the fastest and most effective means of controlling the emergency airway
Intubation, Hypotension and Shock
A modified rapid sequence intubation (RSI) approach is usually preferred in hypotensive, shocked patients
Rapid sequence airway (RSA) and PALM
Rapid sequence airway (RSA) is a modified form of rapid sequence intubation that uses an LMA inserted following induction (+/- administration of neuromuscular blockade) to maximise peri-intubation oxygenation prior to endotracheal tube insertion
Pretreatment drugs for RSI
Traditionally there are four options for pretreatment for Rapid Sequence Intubation (RSI): atropine, lidocaine, fentanyl, and defasciculating dose of a non-depolarising neuromuscular blocker
Preoxygenation
Preoxygenation is the administration of oxygen to a patient prior to intubation to extend 'the safe apnoea time'. The primary mechanism is 'denitrogenation' of the lungs, however maximal preoxygenation is achieved when the alveolar, arterial, tissue, and venous compartments are all filled with oxygen.
Post-intubation care
Post-intubation care: key steps in patient care following intubation
Paralytics for Intubation of the Critically Ill
Paralytics for Intubation of the Critically Ill. should suxamethonium or rocuronium be used for rapid sequence intubation? is a neuromuscular blocker even necessary for intubation of the critically ill? (facilitated or sedation only intubation)
Nasal intubation
nasal intubation may be performed blind or with fiberoptic assistance. Indicated when oral intubation is not feasible
Bag-Valve-Mask (BVM) Ventilation
Bag-Valve-Mask (BVM) apparatus are also known as manual resuscitators and as self-inflating resuscitation systems
Third Cranial Nerve Lesions
oculomotor nerve innervates: superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, inferior oblique, levator palpebrae, cillary muscle and iris sphincter SYMPTOMS/SIGNS “down and out” – because of antagonism of the trochlear nerve (superior oblique) and abducens nerve (lateral rectus) ptosis – weakness…
Femoral Vein Anatomy
Femoral Vein Anatomy continuation of the popliteal vein lies in the intermediate compartment of the femoral sheath accompanies the femoral artery in the femoral triangle at the inguinal ligament it becomes the external iliac vein FEMORAL TRIANGLE superior: inguinal ligament…