Diffuse Goitre
Diffuse goitre refers to generalised thyroid enlargement. Differential diagnosis.
Category Differential diagnosis
Skin tumours DDx
Skin tumours can be benign or malignant. Differential diagnosis
Asterixis DDx
Asterixis is the sudden loss of muscle tone during sustained contraction of an outstretched limb. It is associated with a silent period on EMG, distinguishing it from myoclonus, and is sometimes referred to as ‘negative myoclonus’.
Wasting: small muscles of the hand
Wasting: small muscles of the hand. Underlying causes are best considered according to the level of neurological involvement.
Intracranial calcification DDx
Intracranial calcification may be divided into neoplastic, vascular, infectious or miscellaneous causes; basal ganglia calcification suggests specific underlying causes.
Fixed dilated pupil DDx
Suspect herniation due to an intracranial mass lesion as a cause of fixed dilated pupil in an unconscious patient. A fixed dilated pupil in an awake patient is NOT due to herniation.
Pseudofracture DDx
There are multiple reasons why lucent lines may appear in bones, or why bone contours may appear abnormal, mimicking fractures.
Mediastinal widening on portable x-rays
The mediastinum may appear widened on a portable chest x-ray even for many reasons (other than the mediastinum actually being widened!)
Bronchiectasis DDx
Bronchiectasis is a suppurative lung disease characterised by the presence of permanently and abnormally widened (dilated) bronchial airways. Bronchiectasis may be the end result of a number of etiological processes.
Arthritis DDx
Arthritis is inflammation of a joint (redness, warmth, pain, swelling, loss of function) that may be acute or chronic, and affect one or multiple joints.
Hilar adenopathy DDx
Hilar lymphadenopathy, seen on chest x-ray or chest CT, can be classified as unilateral or bilateral, and if bilateral as symmetrical or asymmetrical.
Atrial Fibrillation DDx
Atrial fibrillation is an irregularly irregular tachydysrhythmia characterised by the presence of chaotic fibrillation waves on ECG, rather than p waves, due to disorganised electrical activity in the atria.