Adaptive Support Ventilation
Adaptive support ventilation (ASV) is a positive pressure mode of mechanical ventilation that is closed-loop controlled, and automatically adjusts based on the patient's requirements
Category Ventilation
Cervical artery dissection
Cervical artery dissections is the collective term for dissections of the carotid or vertebral arteries. They are important causes of stroke in younger people and are often difficult diagnoses to make
Practice Misalignment
Practice misalignment occurs in RCTs when randomization disrupts the normal relationship between clinically important characteristics and therapy titration. This can create subgroups of patients within each study arm that receive levels of therapy that are inconsistent with current practices outside of the clinical study and may be harmful
Delirium in ICU
Peer reviewed by Maurice Le Guen OVERVIEW SIGNIFICANCE In adult ICU patients: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY RISK-FACTORS Baseline In ICU ASSESSMENT Clinical presentation Assessment approach Delirium monitoring Tools MANAGEMENT Early recognition Non-pharmacologic treatment Pharmacologic treatment EVIDENCE Treatment Page VJ, et al. 2013 Devlin JW,…
Interruptions of Sedation
Daily Interruptions of Sedation in Mechanically Ventilated Patients designed to reduce exposure to sedative agents; allow assessment of neurological status; assess readiness for extubation; and reduce duration of mechanical ventilation
High airway and alveolar pressures
High airway pressures are important because they may have adverse effects on the patient; indicate a deterioration of the patient’s condition; indicate an equipment problem that needs to be addressed
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome – ARDS
OVERVIEW DEFINITION The Berlin Definition (2013) SEVERITY ARDS Severity PaO2/FiO2* Mortality** Mild 200 – 300 27% Moderate 100 – 200 32% Severe < 100 45% *on PEEP 5+; **observed in cohort RISK FACTORS Direct Indirect PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Classical phases Complex interplay:…
Protective Lung Ventilation
Protective lung ventilation is the current standard of care for mechanical ventilation. It is synonymous with low tidal volume ventilation (4-8 mL/kg) and often includes permissive hypercapnia
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Definitions
definitions of acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) have varied over time. ARDS was first described by Ashbaugh and Petty in 1967 in a case series of 12 ICU patients who shared the common features of unusually persistent tachypnea and hypoxemia accompanied by opacification on chest radiographs and poor lung compliance, despite different underlying causes
Open Lung Approach To Ventilation
The open lung approach (OLA) to ventilation involves increasing the level of Positive End Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) in combination with protective lung ventilation
Airway Pressure Release Ventilation (APRV)
Airway pressure release ventilation (APRV) is inverse ratio, pressure controlled, intermittent mandatory ventilation with unrestricted spontaneous breathing
based on the Open Lung Approach To Ventilation first described by Stock et al 1987
Ventilation Literature Summaries
Ventilation, summaries of key papers from the ventilation literature: NIV; ARDS; Tracheostomy; Weaning