COVID-19: “To PEEP, or not to PEEP”?
Part 4 of "COVID-19: Keeping the baby in the bath" discussing the setting of positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) in critically ill COVID-19 patients.
Category Ventilation
Is COVID-19 ARDS? What about lung compliance?
Part 3 of the "COVID-19: Keeping the baby in the bath" series discussing whether COVID-19 is part of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and the importance of lung compliance.
“Silent hypoxaemia” and COVID-19 intubation
Discussing "silent hypoxaemia" and timing of intubation. Part 2 of the COVID-19: keeping the baby in the bath" series
Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP)
Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) is the maintenance of positive pressure within the lungs at the end of expiration
Spontaneous breathing, assisted ventilation, and patient self-inflicted lung injury (P-SILI)
Spontaneous breathing can occur without ventilatory support (unassisted spontaneous breathing) or be integrated with mechanical ventilation with assisted ventilation modes (assisted spontaneous breathing).
ARDSnet Ventilation Strategy
ARDSnet Ventilation Strategy: Note that the definitions below have recently been revised - however they are included here as they were used in the ARDSNet trial.
Improving Oxygenation in ARDS
Refractory hypoxia, leading to dysoxia at the cellular level, can be difficult to manage in severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
Selective Lung Ventilation
Selective Lung Ventilation involves the isolation of one lung from the other allowing independent ventilation. Usually performed with a double lumen tube (DLT); alternatives are the use of a univent tube or an endobronchial blocker
A-a gradient
A-a gradient is calculated as PAO2 – PaO2. A normal A–a gradient for a young adult non-smoker breathing air, is between 5–10 mmHg.
Mechanical Ventilation Overview
Basics of mechanical ventilation by Todd Fraser
Intubation and Mechanical Ventilation
INDICATIONS A – protection and patencyB – respiratory failure (hypercapnic or hypoxic), increase FRC, decrease WOB, secretion management/ pulmonary toilet, to facilitate bronchoscopyC – minimise oxygen consumption and optimize oxygen delivery (e.g. sepsis)D – unresponsive to pain, terminate seizure, prevent…
Modes of Ventilation
Modes of Ventilation. Classification based on the following: Initiation; Cycle; Limit; and Pressure Regulated Volume Control