Adrenal insufficiency
Adrenal insufficiency: primary, secondary and tertiary + acute/chronic
Category Endocrinology
Glucose Control Literature Summaries
Glucose Control Literature Summaries
Stress Induced Hyperglycaemia
Stress Induced Hyperglycaemia (SIH) is transient hyperglycaemia associated with acute illness
resolves with resolution of the underlying critical illness
John Dalrymple
John Dalrymple (1803-1852) English surgeon and ophthalmologist. Dalrymple sign (1952) relating to Graves disease; dissection and histology of first case of multiple myeloma with Bence Jones (1846)
Karl Stellwag von Carion
Karl Stellwag von Carion (1823 – 1904) was an Austrian ophthalmologist. Eponym: Stellwag Sign (1869) in Graves orbitopathy
Dalrymple sign
Dalrymple sign: Widened palpebral tissue (lid retraction) or lid spasm seen in thyrotoxicosis (Graves disease) by John Dalrymple (1852)
Graefe sign
von Graefe sign (lid lag sign): Failure of the upper lid to follow a downward movement of the eyeball when the patient changes his or her vision from looking up to looking down. Typically associated with hyperthyroidism and exophthalmos
Stellwag Sign
Stellwag Sign: decreased, incomplete or infrequent blinking in patients with exophthalmic goitre (Graves-Basedow disease). Stellwag sign may also seen in progressive supranuclear palsy, and in dysthyroid eye disease
Pendred syndrome
Pendred syndrome: autosomal recessive genetic disorder (chromosome 7q31), characterized by congenital sensorineural deafness and goitre.
Vaughan Pendred
Vaughan Pendred (1869–1946) was an English GP. Pendred first described the syndrome of bilateral sensorineural hearing loss with goitre (Pendred syndrome)
Graves orbitopathy
Time to review the descriptions and eponymythology of the forgotten signs associated with Graves orbitopathy - the signs of Dalrymple, Stellwag, von Graefe, Möbius and Joffroy...
Graves Ophthalmopathy
Graves Ophthalmopathy: constellation of findings, apparent in 25-50% of patients with Graves disease. Robert Graves 1835