OVERVIEW Sickle cell disease is caused by HbS haemoglobinopathy which produces rigid, distorted and dysfunctional erythrocytes called sickle cells CAUSE Types of sickle cell disease sickle cell anemia (usually homozygous SS genotype) sickle beta thalassemia sickle HbC disease PRECIPITANTS Commonly:…
Polycythaemia = elevated Hb concentration from either increased RBC mass or decreased plasma volume
Massive Blood Loss
Heparin Induced Thrombotic Thrombocytopaenia Syndrome (HITTS or HIT)
Blood Product Compatibility
Storage lesions are the adverse effects associated with the storage of blood; begins after about 2 weeks of storage and progresses with duration of storage ('RBC age')
Blood transfusion complications may be early or late
Anemia and blood transfusion is common in the critically ill, and are associated with costs and morbidity/ mortality
Tumour Lysis Syndrome: oncological emergency due to turnover of high cell mass malignancies resulting in severe metabolic derangement
von Willebrand Disease: commonest inherited coagulation disorder (autosomal dominant); protein involved in (1) platelet adhesion and (2) carriage of factor VIII; leads to: factor VIII deficiency, abnormal platelet adhesiveness and abnormal vascular endothelium
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) may contribute to up to 12% of deaths in ICU and is the No.1 preventable cause of hospital death; asymptomatic events range from 10-80% in various medical and surgical groups
OVERVIEW Porphyria = group of disorders where patients have a inability to synthesis Hb resulting in an accumulation of precursors oxidised to porphyrins hepatic and erythropoietic varieties 3 hepatic forms that effect are affected by anaesthesia (1) AIP – acute…