Circulation Assessment

CAUSES OF CIRCULATORY INADEQUACY

Primary cardiac causes

• Ishaemia
• Conduction defects
• Valvular disorders
• Cardiomyopathy

Secondary causes

• Drugs
• Hypoxia
• Electrolyte disorders
• Sepsis

LOOK

• Pallor
• Cool peripheries
• Haemorrhage
• Altered LOC
• SOB
• Decreased UO

LISTEN

• Heart sounds
• Carotid bruits

FEEL

• Precordial cardiac pulsation
• Pulses – rate & quality, regularity, symmetry