Healthcare associated infections (HAIs) are infections acquired in healthcare facilities and infections that occur as a result of healthcare interventions, which may manifest after people leave the healthcare facility
OVERVIEW HIV = retrovirus infection -> infection of T-helper lymphocytes (CD4+) and progressively destroys them -> immunosuppression 40 million patients in the world 2 types: HIV 1 and HIV 2 (West Africa) modes of transmission: sexual intercourse, mother to child…
Infectious Diseases Literature Summaries
OVERVIEW caused by influenza A and B viruses CLINICAL FEATURES fever (>38 C)+/- one systemic symptoms (myalgia)+/- one respiratory symptoms-> 70% chance of having influenza INVESTIGATIONS nasopharyneal viral swab MANAGEMENT Active Treatment neuraminidase inhibitors are of no benefit unless started…
Listeria monocytogenes is non-endospore forming, regular, non-branching gram positive bacilli that grows in aerobic and anaerobic conditions
Meningococcemia: Neisseria meningitidis bacteraemia -> endotoxin mediated fulminant multi-organ failure; mortality 10-12%
Mucormycosis is the unifying term used to describe infections caused by fungi belonging to the order Mucorales (e.g. Rhizopus, Rhizomucor, Mucor, and Absidia).
Multi-Resistant Bacteria Outbreak: this is an infection control emergency; notify ICU staff and ID team
Multi-Resistant Organisms (MROs)
Aerobic gram positive bacteria
infective endocarditis is a disease characterised by inflammation of the endocardium, typically affecting the heart valves and usually caused by infection and can be acute, subacute or chronic
Reviewed and revised 12 July 2015 OVERVIEW CLASSIFICATION From Misiakos et al, 2014: Classification of responsible pathogens according to type of infection. Fournier gangrene is typically polymicrobial infection with aerobes and anaerobes, such as coliforms, klebsiella, streptococci, staphylococci, clostridia, bacteroids, and corynbacteria CAUSTIVE…