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Category Toxicology Library
Toxicology-Library-Toxicant-Drug-340-256

Organochlorines

Chlorinated pesticides are widely used in agriculture but the most common source or organochlorines is Lindane, used for the treatment of head lice. Acute ingestion or repeated large dermal expose causes neurological toxicity which can lead to seizures and a coma.
Toxicology-Library-Toxicant-Drug-340-256

Hydrofluric acid

Hydrofluoric acid is found in car wheel cleaners, rust removal and glass etching solutions. Classically the person will present with pain out of proportion hours after dermal exposure.
Toxicology-Library-Toxicant-Drug-340-256

Glyphosate toxicity

Glyphosate is a widely used herbicide. It can cause gastrointestinal corrosive symptoms and due to the surfactant that is present a severe metabolic acidosis, hyperkalaemia and cardiovascular collapse can occur.
Toxicology-Library-Toxicant-Drug-340-256

Corrosive ingestions

Corrosive ingestion: Patients who are asymptomatic at 4 hours and tolerating oral fluids can be medically cleared. Symptomatic patients need to remain nil by mouth and are admitted for observation and further investigation within 24 hours. Management is then directed dependent on these findings.
Toxicology-Library-Toxicant-Drug-340-256

Arsenic toxicity

Firstly, lets dispel a myth, organic arsenoids found in seafood are non-toxic. Other pathways to toxicity include the chronic exposure usually following the ingestion of artesian water. Subacute from industrial accidents, food contamination or arsenic-containing herbal medicines.
Toxicology-Library-Toxicant-Drug-340-256

Iron ingestion

acute ingestion results in gastrointestinal irritation and then dose-related systemic toxicity potentially leading to death. Iron takes hours to reach from the GI tract to the intracellular space. This gives us the opportunity to prevent further absorption in large overdoses with decontamination and chelation.
Toxicology-Library-Toxicant-Drug-340-256

Hydrocarbon toxicity

Hydrocarbons cause rapid CNS depression, seizures and rarely cardiac dysrhythmias. Aspiration causes a chemical pneumonitis and this risk is increased in those products that have the lowest viscosity.
Toxicology-Library-Toxicant-Drug-340-256

Chlorine toxicity

Chlorine is a yellow-green, non-combustible gas with a pungent irritating odour however, it can be undetectable at levels above the accepted occupational standards, so you can not always trust your nose.
Toxicology-Library-Toxicant-Drug-340-256

Cyanide toxicity

Cyanide toxicity is usually reserved for the spy movies whereby the villain will bite down on a capsule of cyanide and instantly froth at the mouth and die. Throughout history there have also been some popular examples including the mass…

Toxicology-Library-Toxicant-Drug-340-256

Carbon monoxide inhalation

Carbon monoxide can be common cause of poisoning depending on your location or care of lower socioeconomic groups. It can be quite obvious if a fire has occurred or the patient admits to a suicide attempt. Symptoms can be a…

Toxicology-Library-Toxicant-Drug-340-256

Potassium toxicity

Potassium clearly has its potential for risks including life-threatening hyperkalaemia and cardiac arrest. It is very concerning that the slow-release preparation is available in bottles of 100 without prescription. Aggressive decontamination and haemodialysis are indicated in large overdoses.
Toxicology-Library-Toxicant-Drug-340-256

Thyroxine toxicity

Thyroxine overdose rarely causes hyperthyroidism, if it does, symptoms are usually mild and can be managed as an outpatient.