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Category Clinical Research
CCC Critical Care compendium 340

Chi-square Test

Chi-square Test is used to compare categorical data; often displayed in contingency table with rows (x) and columns (y)
CCC Critical Care compendium 340

Subgroup Analysis

Subgroup analysis involves assessing an association between an intervention (or other factor) and a subset of the patients that were exposed. Subgroup analysis can be decided upon a priori or performed post hoc
CCC Critical Care compendium 340

Before-and-after studies

Non-experimental observational study design used to assess the effect of an intervention based on comparison of outcomes prior to its use and afterward
CCC Critical Care compendium 340

Publication Practices Distort Science

Scientific information is an economic commodity, and that scientific journals are a medium for its dissemination and exchange. As such it is subject to economic factors that affect the value of scientific information and how it is exchanged.
CCC Critical Care compendium 340

Retrospective Studies and Chart Reviews

Retrospective studies are designed to analyse pre-existing data, and are subject to numerous biases as a result. Types of retrospective studies include: case series; retrospective cohort studies; case-control studies
CCC Critical Care compendium 340

Standardised Mortality Ratio

Standardised Mortality Ratio SMR is the ratio of the observed or actual hospital mortality and the predicted hospital mortality for a specified time period.
CCC Critical Care compendium 340

Data Distributions

Data can be described by different distributions, which has implications for how the data is analysed using statistical methods
CCC Critical Care compendium 340

Fisher’s Exact Test

Fisher's Exact Test is to compare categorical data; more complicated to perform than the Chi square test; only generally applicable in 2 x 2 contingency table