August Richter
August Gottlieb Richter (1742–1812), German surgeon; Richter’s hernia, advanced cataract extraction, and elevated surgery into academia
Category Eponym
Benjamin Brodie
Sir Benjamin Brodie (1783–1862), English surgeon; pioneer in joint disease, Brodie’s abscess, medical ethics, and surgical education reform.
Manfred Sakel
Manfred J. Sakel (1900–1957), Austrian neuropsychiatrist, pioneered insulin coma therapy—an early somatic treatment for schizophrenia, now obsolete
Lucio Bini
Lucio Bini (1908–1964), co-inventor of electroconvulsive therapy, pioneered psychiatric innovation but faced marginalization in later years.
Ladislas Meduna
Ladislas J. Meduna (1896–1964), pioneer of convulsive therapy, explored epilepsy-schizophrenia antagonism, CO₂ therapy, and oneirophrenia in psychiatry.
Mary Walker
Mary Broadfoot Walker (1888 - 1974) was a Scottish physician. Mary Walker effect (1934); neostigmine and myasthenia gravis
Henry Koplik
Henry Koplik (1858–1927), American pediatrician, discovered Koplik’s spots—an early diagnostic sign of measles—and pioneered infant health reform
Sir William Stokes (surgeon)
Sir William Stokes (1839–1900), Irish surgeon and son of William Stokes, pioneered surgical techniques and served as RCSI professor and Queen Victoria’s surgeon
Jeremy Swan
Jeremy Swan (1922–2005), Irish-born cardiologist, co-invented the Swan-Ganz catheter and led advances in cardiac catheterisation and haemodynamic monitoring
Frederick Forchheimer
Frederick Forchheimer (1853–1913), U.S. paediatrician and educator, described Forchheimer spots and published landmark internal medicine textbooks
Nil Filatov
Nil Filatov (1847–1902), founder of Russian paediatrics, described key signs in measles, rubella, and mononucleosis; led Moscow’s first children’s hospital.
Louis Hamman
Louis Virgil Hamman (1877–1946), Johns Hopkins physician and diagnostician, described Hamman’s sign, Hamman syndrome, and Hamman-Rich syndrome