John Hickam
John B. Hickam (1914–1970), physician and educator, led IU’s Dept of Medicine and inspired “Hickam’s dictum” challenging diagnostic simplicity.
Category LITFL
Jerome W. Conn
Jerome W. Conn (1907–1994) American endocrinologist. Described Conn syndrome (primary aldosteronism), transforming the diagnosis of hypertension.
AF Stanley Kent
A. F. Stanley Kent (1863–1958), cardiac physiologist; 'bundle of Kent', shaped early electrophysiology; pioneered industrial fatigue science
Frieda Robscheit-Robbins
Frieda Robscheit-Robbins (1888–1973), pioneering pathologist who advanced aneamia research, yet was overlooked for the 1934 Nobel despite major contributions.
Bartter Syndrome
Bartter Syndrome: Renal tubulopathy with hypokalaemic alkalosis, high renin and aldosterone, normal BP, and polyuria—mimics loop diuretic effect at the thick ascending limb.
Schwartz–Bartter syndrome
Schwartz-Bartter Syndrome (SIADH): Excess ADH leads to water retention and dilutional hyponatraemia, with low serum sodium and osmolality but inappropriately concentrated urine.
Gitelman Syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome: Inherited defect in Na⁺-Cl⁻ cotransport in the distal tubule, causing hypokalaemia, alkalosis, hypomagnesaemia, and hypocalciuria—thiazide-like effect.
Liddle Syndrome
Liddle Syndrome: Monogenic hypertension due to ENaC overactivity in the collecting duct. Causes sodium retention, hypokalaemia, low renin and aldosterone—pseudo-aldosteronism.
Whipple disease
Whipple disease: rare systemic infection by Tropheryma whipplei. Explore its history, diagnosis, and treatment from 1907 discovery to present day
Guido Fanconi
Swiss paediatrician Guido Fanconi (1892–1979) defined Fanconi anaemia and Fanconi syndrome, shaping modern paediatrics and medical genetics.
George Hoyt Whipple
George Hoyt Whipple (1878–1976), Nobel winner, advanced anaemia therapy, coined thalassaemia, and described Whipple disease in 1907.
Hillel J. Gitelman
Hillel J. Gitelman (1932–2014) American nephrologist. Described Gitelman syndrome, a renal tubulopathy mimicking thiazide effect with hypokalaemia and hypomagnesaemia.