Reviewed and revised 11 July 2014 OVERVIEW PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Erythropoiesis RBC lifespan Effects of anaemia Response to anaemia CAUSES Decreased production Increased Destruction Bleeding Haemodilution Laboratory error TYPES OF ANAEMIA MICROCYTIC (MCV <80 fL) NORMOCYTIC (MCV 80-100 fL) Haemolysis MACROCYTIC (>100 fL) This classification…
Haemorrhage is the most important complication of thrombolysis. Intracerebral haemorrhage is especially important with approximately 0.5% risk following STEMI thrombolysis
Elder abuse refers to any form of maltreatment of an older dependent person. The abuser typically has a close relationship to the elderly person
Toxic megacolon is colonic dilation (>6cm) with systemic toxicity, usually due to an acute colitis; can involve the whole colon or only one segment.
Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) syndrome is fluid overload and iso-osmolar hyponatraemia during TURP from large volumes of irrigation fluid being absorbed through venous sinuses
Tetralogy of Fallot; cyanotic congenital heart disease
Rectal Examination
Pulsus Alternans = alteration of weak and strong pulse beats (not relate cycle length)
Meningitis Subarachnoid haemorrhage Posterior fossa syndrome Cervical spondylitis Tetanus Neck abscess Torticollis
Myotomes and Differentiating Nerve Lesions
Massive Abdominal Distension