Neurosurgery Literature Summaries
Neurosurgery Literature Summaries
Loss of vision DDx
Causes of visual loss or blindness can be categorised by presence or absence of trauma, transient or persistent and monocular or binocular.
Retinal haemorrhage DDx
Different diagnosis of the causes associated with retinal haemorrhage
Subarachnoid Haemorrhage: Complications
SAH Complications including Neurological deterioration; Seizures; Hyponatremia; Cardiac complications; Re-bleeding; Vasospasm
Subarachnoid Haemorrhage Grading Systems
Subarachnoid Haemorrhage Grading Systems: GCS; Hunt and Hess; WFNS; Fisher; Claassen; Ogilvy and Carter
Subarachnoid Haemorrhage: ICU Management
SAH ICU Management: Follows initial management of SAH; FASTS HUGS IN BED Please applies; certain aspects have particular relevance
Subarachnoid Haemorrhage: Initial Management
SAH initial management includes: resuscitation; specific treatment; supportive care and monitoring; disposition
Subarachnoid Haemorrhage: Prognostication
Subarachnoid Haemorrhage: Prognostication - some factors are modifiable; mortality rates currently ~35%; 15% die prior to reaching hospital; 8-20% long-term dependence
Subarachnoid Haemorrhage (SAH)
Subarachnoid Haemorrhage (SAH) potentially fatal bleeding into the subarachnoid space, usually due to a ruptured cerebral aneurysm
Vasospasm in Subarachnoid Haemorrhage
Vasospasm in SAH: vasospasm = dynamic narrowing of vessels due to a radiological diagnosis; delayed neurological deterioration (DND) is clinically detected neurological deterioration after stabilisation not due to re-bleeding, may be due to multiple other causes; delayed cerebral ischaemia (DCI) is any neurological deterioration >1 hour that presumed due to ischemia, and other causes excluded
Ventriculitis
Bacterial ventriculitis (BV) is inflammation of the ventricular drainage system, usually due to bacterial infection of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
Cerebral Salt Wasting
Cerebral Salt Wasting: also now known as renal salt wasting; hyponatraemia not always required to make diagnosis, but often present; cerebral lesion + excess renal loss of Na+ and Cl-; cerebral lesions: SAH, TBI, tumour