FFS: Primary Stabbing (Ice Pick)
Primary stabbing (ice pick) headache causes brief, sharp head pains without autonomic features, requiring imaging to exclude other causes and possible indomethacin therapy.
FFS: Post Dural Puncture Headache
Post dural puncture headache is a positional headache following lumbar puncture or spinal anaesthesia, managed with analgesia, caffeine, and possibly a blood patch.
FFS: Migraine Headache
Migraine is a common neurovascular headache managed with triptans, antiemetics, and lifestyle measures, requiring clinical diagnosis and exclusion of red flags.
FFS: Tension Headache
Tension headache is the most common headache type, often stress-related and mild, diagnosed clinically and treated with simple analgesia and stress management.
FFS: Cluster Headache
Cluster headache is a severe trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia with unilateral pain and autonomic features, managed with oxygen, triptans, and preventive therapies.
Twelfth Cranial Nerve Lesions
Summary of hypoglossal nerve (CN XII) anatomy, function, clinical signs and causes of twelfth cranial nerve lesions, including central and peripheral pathology.
Eleventh Cranial Nerve Lesions
Overview of accessory nerve (CN XI) anatomy, function, causes and clinical signs of eleventh cranial nerve lesions, with a focus on trauma to the posterior triangle.
Tenth Cranial Nerve Lesions
Overview of vagus nerve anatomy, innervation, clinical examination, and common causes of tenth cranial nerve lesions including central and peripheral pathologies.
Ninth Cranial Nerve Lesions
Overview of glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) anatomy, function, clinical assessment, and causes of lesions, including central and peripheral pathology.
Pelviureteric Junction Obstruction
Pelviureteric junction obstruction (PUJO) describes obstruction of urine flow from the renal pelvis into the proximal ureter. It can be congenital or acquired and may be asymptomatic. Severe cases can lead to infection and renal function loss.
Alexander Wallace
Alexander Burns Wallace (1906–1974) was a Scottish plastic surgeon. Published the Wallace Rules of nine for burn size estimation in 1951
Adolf Rinne
Heinrich Adolf Rinne (1819-1868) was a German otologist best remembered for the eponymous Rinne test — a fundamental clinical tool in the assessment of hearing loss.