Reviewed and revised 10 March 2014 OVERVIEW Massive transfusion is defined as A Massive Transfusion Protocol should be used in critically bleeding patients anticipated to require massive transfusion GOALS IN MANAGEMENT OF MASSIVE TRANSFUSION THERAPY INDICATIONS IN MASSIVE TRANSFUSION MASSIVE TRANSFUSION…
Molecular Adsorbent Recirculating System = MARS; short-term extracorporeal hepatic support; so-called ‘liver dialysis’
Acute or ascending cholangitis is a potentially life-threatening systemic infection resulting from inflammation and infection of the biliary tree due to bacterial growth in the bile, usually in the context of biliary obstruction
COCCI Neisseria meningitides: vaccination, penicillin G or ceftriaxone, rifampicin (prophylaxis) gonorrhoea: piperacillin-tazobactam 4.5g Q8hrly, ceftriaxone Moraxella azithromycin clarithromycin amoxicillin + clavulanate second or third generation cephalosporin co-trimoxazole 10mg/kg of sulphamethoxazole RODS/BACILLI -> aminoglycosides are good agents (gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin, streptomycin)…
Antibacterial Resistance: Natural Resistance – they do not possess the molecular target of the drug or are impermeable to it; Acquired resistance – occurs through mutation or the acquisition of new genetic material carried by mobile elements
Funtabulously Frivolous Friday Five 137 - Just when you thought your brain could unwind on a Friday, some medical trivia FFFF.
Antimicrobial Stewardship is defined as ‘an ongoing effort by a health-care institution to optimise antimicrobial use among hospital patients in order to improve patient outcomes, ensure cost-effective therapy and reduce adverse sequelae of antimicrobial use (including antimicrobial resistance)’
Antimicrobial Quick Reference
Aspergillosis: fungal disease caused by the mold Aspergillus, ranging from hypersensitivity to invasive infection. Important species include Aspergillus fumigatus, niger, flavus, calavtus; transmission by inhalation; high mortality
Bacterial meningitis = pyogenic infection of the cerebral ventricles and subarachnoid space -> CSF; usually confined to meninges (although in neonates and adults with Listeria monocytogenes -> cerebritis, encephalitis and abscesses can form)
Diagnosis and treatment of candidiasis is a contentious issue; invasive candidiasis is difficult to diagnose; >150 species of Candida (a yeast), few are pathogens