Echocardiography in Intensive Care
Echocardiography in Intensive Care allows direct visualisation of the heart, vessels and pleura
Cardiomyopathy Echocardiography
Cardiomyopathy Echocardiography
Aortic Stenosis Echocardiography
Aortic Stenosis Echocardiography
Aortic Dissection Echocardiography
TOE is better than but TTE, but TTE can be performed first; TTE cannot exclude aortic dissection; TOE is comparable to CT and MRI for diagnostic accuracy
Metabolic Alkalosis DDx
Metabolic Alkalosis DDx
Urea-Creatinine Ratio
The relationship of urea and creatine is dependent on serum laboratory units used to determine the cause of acute kidney injury.
Creatinine
Creatinine = Non-protein end product of creatinine metabolism. Formed from skeletal muscle and excreted in constant amounts. Completely filtered by kidney (marker of GFR). Production proportional to muscle mass
IHD vs CRRT vs SLED
Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is the modality most widely used in Australia and New Zealand ICUs. There is no evidence suggesting mortality benefit for one modality over another
Toxic Alcohol Ingestion
Highlights and pearls on toxic alcohol ingestion from the EBMedicine article, "Toxic Alcohols: Not Always A Clear-Cut Diagnosis"
Tricyclic Antidepressant Toxicity
Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA) are weak bases (pKa 8.5) that can cause life-threatening sodium channel toxicity
Citrate Toxicity
Citrate toxicity is primarily a result of hypocalcaemia and metabolic effects of excess citrate
Spider envenoming
Spider envenoming: In Australia the only two spiders of real importance = Funnel-web and the Red-Back; only these two can cause death or severe systemic illness