Strong Ion Difference
Strong Ion Difference - The quantitative approach to acid-base chemistry is also known as the physicochemical method or the Stewart approach
Category CCC
The LITFL Critical Care Compendium is a comprehensive collection of pages concisely covering the core topics and controversies of critical care.
Hyponatraemic Seizures
Seizures and hyponatremia in a 10 year-old boy - can you answer the questions and find the solutions to the case-based questions in this laboratory tester?
Young and Yellow
Fulminant hepatic failure is defined as the appearance of hepatic encephalopathy in a patient with acute deterioration of liver function with no previous history of liver disease.
Ammon Anyone?
You've just been handed over a patient who has an altered mental status when the phone rings. It's the lab - you're told that your patient has a serum ammonia level of 250 umol/L (reference range, 11-35 umol/L). WTF?
Pregnant and Acidotic
A pregnant patient has pneumonia. There are also concerns that she has a metabolic acidosis. Can you solve this metabolic muddle?
CATMUDPILES
76 year old male living alone. Found obtunded at home by neighbours. Breathing rapidly and muttering incoherently. No other history available. CATMUDPILES?
Unlearning
Unlearning is the process of abandoning or giving up knowledge, values or behaviour either unconsciously or deliberately
Pyroglutamic Acidosis
Pyroglutamic acidosis is a rare cause of high anion gap metabolic acidosis (HAGMA). When glutathione levels are low, the activity of γ-glutamyl cyclotransferase is increased, resulting in pyroglutamic acid accumulation in glutathione-depleted states
D-Lactic acidosis
D-Lactic acidosis aka D-lactic encephalopathy. Rare cause of high anion gap metabolic acidosis (HAGMA), typically occurs in patients short bowel syndrome or following jejuno-ileal bypass surgery
ABG changes in Cardiac Arrest and CPR
The degree of acid-base abnormality during cardiac arrest and cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is dependent on a number of variables
Arterial Blood Gas in Hypothermia
Arterial Blood Gas in Hypothermia. The solubility of oxygen and carbon dioxide is increased at low temperatures.
Bimanual laryngoscopy
Bimanual laryngoscopy using external laryngeal manipulation (ELM) is the single most practical and effective airway management technique for facilitating intubation during direct laryngoscopy.