Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL)
Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) procedure description, diagnostic performance, indications/ contra-indications, complications, comparison to alternatives, and useful videos for learning.
Category Respiratory
Bronchoscopic Foreign Body Removal
Bronchoscopic foreign body removal including: indications, assessment and planning, flexible versus rigid bronchoscopy, retrieval tools and techniques, and critical care scenarios.
Airway Foreign Bodies
Airway foreign bodies (AFBs) are potentially life‑threatening. This CCC post considers causes/ risk factors, pathophysiology, complications, clinical features, investigations, and management.
Foreign body pulmonary embolisation
Case review of Implanon NXT migration to the pulmonary artery: missing implant, subtle CXR clue, CTPA diagnosis and endovascular retrieval.
Henri Huchard
Henri Huchard (1844–1910), French cardiologist at Necker, defined “cardio-arterial” disease, described Huchard’s sign, and helped shape early hypertension care.
Rigler notch sign
Rigler notch sign: Indentation in the border of a solid lung mass (thought to represent a feeding vessel) suggestive of a bronchial carcinoma
Bamberger–Marie syndrome
Bamberger–Marie syndrome (hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy): clubbing, bone periostosis, and joint effusions—historically recognised as a paraneoplastic syndrome linked to lung disease.
Eugen von Bamberger
Eugen von Bamberger (1858–1921), Austrian internist; co-described Marie–Bamberger syndrome (hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy); pioneer of clinical diagnostics.
Louis Hamman
Louis Virgil Hamman (1877–1946), Johns Hopkins physician and diagnostician, described Hamman’s sign, Hamman syndrome, and Hamman-Rich syndrome
Churg–Strauss syndrome
EGPA (Churg–Strauss syndrome): rare ANCA-associated vasculitis with asthma, eosinophilia, and systemic granulomatous inflammation of small vessels
Lotte Strauss
Lotte Strauss (1913–1985), pioneer in paediatric and perinatal pathology, co-described Churg–Strauss syndrome and helped found the Society for Pediatric Pathology
Jacob Churg
Jacob Churg (1910–2005), pioneering pathologist, co-described Churg–Strauss syndrome and transformed renal pathology through biopsy-based diagnostics