ST Elevation in aVR
ST elevation in aVR indicates subendocardial ischaemia due to O2 supply/demand mismatch - causes can be cardiac and non-cardiac
Sgarbossa Criteria
Myocardial infarction diagnosis in the presence of left bundle branch block (LBBB) or ventricular paced rhythm. Sgarbossa Criteria
Left Axis Deviation (LAD)
ECG features and causes of left axis deviation (LAD) using the hexaxial reference system. QRS axis between -30 and -90 degrees
Drugs Causing QT Prolongation
Drugs associated with QT Prolongation, QTc prolongation including Antipsychotics, antiarrhythmics, antidepressants, and antihistamines
Premature Junctional Complex (PJC)
Premature Junctional Complex (PJC) - premature beat arising from an ectopic focus within the AV junction. LITFL EKG library
Intraventricular Conduction Delay (QRS widening)
Review of the different causes of Intraventricular conduction delay. QRS duration > 100 ms in the presence of a supraventricular rhythm.
Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT)
A review of the different types of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), with a focus on AV-nodal re-entry tachycardia (AVNRT)
Idiopathic Fascicular Left Ventricular Tachycardia
ECG features of Idiopathic Fascicular Ventricular Tachycardia. AKA Belhassen-type VT, verapamil-sensitive VT or infrafascicular tachycardia.
ECG Findings in Massive Pericardial Effusion
Massive pericardial effusion produces a characteristic ECG triad of low QRS voltage, tachycardia, and electrical alternans. LITFL ECG Library
AV block: 2nd degree, “fixed ratio” blocks
A review of the ECG characteristics of "fixed ratio blocks", i.e. second degree AV block with 2:1 or 3:1 conduction ratios.
De Quervain disease
De Quervain described chronic tenosynovitis thickening the tendon sheath of the abductor muscle of the thumb and of the extensor short muscle of the thumb.
AV block: 2nd degree, “high-grade” AV block
Second degree heart block (2nd degree AV block) with a P:QRS ratio of 3:1 or higher, producing an extremely slow ventricular rate.