Know Your Lines
Know Your Lines: adult and paediatric trauma radiograph guides covering key lines, angles, ratios, signs and fracture classifications.
Category Orthopaedics
Hip and pelvic lines and arcs
Hip and pelvic radiographic lines, arcs, angles and eponyms used to assess developmental dysplasia, SCFE, mature hip morphology and alignment.
Basic Fracture Treatment
Customisable fracture treatment poster with radiographs, splinting guidance and fillable local follow-up pathways for emergency department use.
Bennett fracture
Bennett fracture: definition, imaging, management, distinction from Rolando fracture, and the history of Edward Hallaran Bennett’s eponymous injury.
Köhler line
Köhler line is the ilioischial line on AP pelvis X-ray, to assess coxa profunda and protrusio acetabuli. History and interpretation.
Gilula carpal arcs
Gilula carpal arcs. Three smooth lines used to assess carpal alignment on PA wrist X-rays. Definition, disruption, variants and history.
Shenton Line
Shenton line is the cervico-obturator arc used to assess hip alignment on AP pelvic radiographs. Definition, history, Ménard attribution and eponymythology.
Böhler angle
Böhler angle: radiographic measurement, normal values, clinical use, limitations and the original 1929 description by Lorenz Böhler.
Freiberg infraction
Freiberg infraction is osteochondrosis of a lesser metatarsal head, usually the second. Review presentation, imaging, treatment, history and eponymythology.
Köhler disease
Köhler disease is a self-limiting osteochondrosis of the tarsal navicular in children. Definition, imaging, management, prognosis, history and eponymythology.
Baumann angle
Baumann angle. How to measure distal humeral alignment, normal values, use after paediatric supracondylar fractures, limitations and history.
Gartland classification
Gartland classification of paediatric supracondylar humeral fractures. Types I–IV, clinical use, Wilkins modification and historical development