Pediatric ECG Interpretation At birth, the right ventricle is larger and thicker than the left ventricle, reflecting the greater physiological stresses placed upon it in utero (i.e. pumping blood through the relatively high-resistance pulmonary circulation). This produces an ECG picture reminiscent of right ventricular hypertrophy in the adult: marked rightward axis, dominant R wave in V1 and […]
ECG Basics
Super Axis Man SAM
Who is SAM? As a routine part of ECG analysis, we need to determine the ECG AXIS. It isn’t really enough to just whimper… “Is it normal?” So, to help understand axis a tiny bit…I need to introduce you to SAM – the Super Axis Man Building SAM – the Super Axis Man (1) Draw […]
MI Localization
Related Topics Anterior STEMILateral STEMIHigh Lateral STEMIInferior STEMILMCA OcclusionPosterior AMI LITFL Further Reading ECG Library Basics – Waves, Intervals, Segments and Clinical InterpretationECG A to Z by diagnosis – ECG interpretation in clinical contextECG Exigency and Cardiovascular Curveball – ECG Clinical Cases100 ECG Quiz – Self-assessment tool for examination practiceECG Reference SITES and BOOKS – […]
Sinus Arrhythmia
Sinus Arrhythmia Overview Sinus rhythm with a beat-to-beat variation in the P-P interval (the time between successive P waves), producing an irregular ventricular rate. Characteristics Variation in the P-P interval of more than 120 ms (3 small boxes).The P-P interval gradually lengthens and shortens in a cyclical fashion, usually corresponding to the phases of the […]
Normal Sinus Rhythm
Normal Sinus Rhythm (NSR) Overview The default heart rhythm.Pacemaking impulses arise from the sino-atrial node and are transmitted to the ventricles via the AV-node and His-Purkinje system.This results in a regular, narrow-complex heart rhythm at 60-100 bpm. Characteristics of normal sinus rhythm Regular rhythm at a rate of 60-100 bpm (or age-appropriate rate in children).Each […]
Atrial Flutter
Atrial Flutter Overview Atrial flutter is a type of supraventricular tachycardia caused by a re-entry circuit within the right atrium.The length of the re-entry circuit corresponds to the size of the right atrium, resulting in a fairly predictable atrial rate of around 300 bpm (range 200-400).Ventricular rate is determined by the AV conduction ratio (“degree […]
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