Category Eponym
Edmond Landolt (1846-1926) 680

Edmond Landolt

Edmund Landolt (1846–1926): Swiss-French ophthalmologist who created the Landolt C optotype, advanced strabismus surgery, and retinal anatomy studies

Ernst Wilhelm von Brücke (1819-1892) 680

Ernst Brücke

Ernst von Brücke (1819–1892) described the eye’s red reflex, paving the way for Helmholtz’s ophthalmoscope and modern retinal examination

Franciscus Cornelis Donders (1818-1889) 680

Franciscus Donders

Franciscus Donders (1818–1889), Dutch ophthalmologist and physiologist, pioneered refraction studies, eye movement laws, and mental chronometry

William Cumming (1822-1855) 680

William Cumming

William Cumming (1822–1855), Moorfields surgeon who first observed the living eye’s luminous reflex, paving the way for Helmholtz’s ophthalmoscope.

Heinrich Georg Küchler (1811-1873) 680

Heinrich Küchler

Heinrich Küchler (1811–1873): German ophthalmologist who pioneered early eye charts, advanced corneal surgery, and reformed medical and military health services

Eduard Jaeger Ritter von Jaxtthal (1818-1884) 680

Eduard Jaeger

Eduard Jaeger (1818–1884), Austrian ophthalmologist; introduced Jaeger Test-Types, advanced ophthalmoscopy, and first described diabetic retinopathy

Barlow Syndrome 680

Barlow syndrome

Barlow syndrome (primary billowing mitral leaflet syndrome (BMLS)). Auscultatory findings of late systolic murmur with non-ejection ('mid-late') systolic click

John Brereton Barlow (1924-2008) 680

John Barlow

John Brereton Barlow (1924-2008) was a South African cardiologist. Barlow described mitral valve prolapse (eponymously known as Barlow’s syndrome) in 1963

Charles Henry Hudson (1903-1962) 680

Charles Hudson

Biography Medical Eponyms Hudson Mask Patented in 1958 by Charles H. Hudson (US Patent No. 2,843,121), the “Hudson mask” became the archetype of the disposable oxygen face mask Designed for low-flow oxygen therapy (5–10 L/min), delivering approximately 35–60% FiO₂. Constructed from…