Adie syndrome
Holmes–Adie syndrome: a benign neurological condition marked by tonic pupils and areflexia, historically mistaken for neurosyphilis.
Category Eponymictionary
History of the Ophthalmoscope
From ancient “cat’s‑eye” reflections to AI‑assisted retinal imaging: the story of the ophthalmoscope from Helmholtz’s 1851 Augenspiegel to digital, confocal and smartphone‑based system
Hoffman-Rigler sign
Radiographic sign of left ventricular enlargement on lateral chest X-ray, based on LV extension behind the IVC; described by Hoffman and Rigler in 1965
Rigler notch sign
Rigler notch sign: Indentation in the border of a solid lung mass (thought to represent a feeding vessel) suggestive of a bronchial carcinoma
Rigler triad
Rigler triad; Imaging findings in patients with gallstone ileus with an ectopic gallstone causing small bowel obstruction, and pneumobilia
Rigler sign
Radiological signs of pneumoperitoneum: history, diagnosis, and key eponyms including Rigler’s sign, Popper’s sign, football sign, and inverted V sign
Necrotising fasciitis
Necrotizing fasciitis: life-threatening soft tissue infection, historically hospital gangrene, term coined by Ben J. Wilson in 1951
Bamberger–Marie syndrome
Bamberger–Marie syndrome (hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy): clubbing, bone periostosis, and joint effusions—historically recognised as a paraneoplastic syndrome linked to lung disease.
Battle Sign
Battle sign: mastoid ecchymosis indicating basilar skull fracture, described by W.H. Battle in 1890; it holds >75% PPV for posterior fossa injury.
Libman-Sacks endocarditis
Libman–Sacks endocarditis is a sterile cardiac valve lesion linked to lupus and antiphospholipid syndrome, often detected via echocardiography
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease (CMT) is the most common inherited neuropathy, encompassing genetically diverse subtypes of peripheral nerve dysfunction.
Sixth disease
Common viral illness in infants caused by HHV-6. Roseola presents with high fever followed by sudden rash; also known as sixth disease or exanthem subitum.