August Richter
August Gottlieb Richter (1742–1812), German surgeon; Richter’s hernia, advanced cataract extraction, and elevated surgery into academia
Benjamin Brodie
Sir Benjamin Brodie (1783–1862), English surgeon; pioneer in joint disease, Brodie’s abscess, medical ethics, and surgical education reform.
Echo basics: Prosthetic Valve
Understand and identify prosthetic valves. Learn what can go wrong with prosthetic valves; how to assess their function and examine transcatheter valves
Manfred Sakel
Manfred J. Sakel (1900–1957), Austrian neuropsychiatrist, pioneered insulin coma therapy—an early somatic treatment for schizophrenia, now obsolete
Ugo Cerletti
Ugo Cerletti (1877–1963), Italian neuropsychiatrist, pioneered ECT with Lucio Bini in 1938, reshaping psychiatric care and inspiring early biological psychiatry.
Lucio Bini
Lucio Bini (1908–1964), co-inventor of electroconvulsive therapy, pioneered psychiatric innovation but faced marginalization in later years.
Ladislas Meduna
Ladislas J. Meduna (1896–1964), pioneer of convulsive therapy, explored epilepsy-schizophrenia antagonism, CO₂ therapy, and oneirophrenia in psychiatry.
Mary Walker
Mary Broadfoot Walker (1888 - 1974) was a Scottish physician. Mary Walker effect (1934); neostigmine and myasthenia gravis
Koplik Spots
Koplik spots are pathognomonic buccal lesions in early measles, first described by Henry Koplik in 1896, aiding pre-rash diagnosis and outbreak control.
Henry Koplik
Henry Koplik (1858–1927), American pediatrician, discovered Koplik’s spots—an early diagnostic sign of measles—and pioneered infant health reform
Sir William Stokes (surgeon)
Sir William Stokes (1839–1900), Irish surgeon and son of William Stokes, pioneered surgical techniques and served as RCSI professor and Queen Victoria’s surgeon
Jeremy Swan
Jeremy Swan (1922–2005), Irish-born cardiologist, co-invented the Swan-Ganz catheter and led advances in cardiac catheterisation and haemodynamic monitoring