Saint’s Triad
Saint’s Triad: coexistence of hiatal hernia, colonic diverticulosis, and gallstones—now linked to connective tissue disorders like herniosis.
Charles Saint
Charles FM Saint (1886–1973), pioneer of South African surgery, identified Saint’s triad and shaped generations through surgical teaching and aphorisms.
Horner Syndrome
Horner syndrome is associated with an interruption to the sympathetic nerve supply of the eye. It is characterized by the classic triad of miosis, partial ptosis, and anhidrosis +/- enophthalmos
Hickam’s Dictum
Hickam’s Dictum reminds clinicians that patients may have multiple diseases, challenging Occam’s Razor in diagnostic reasoning and medical education.
John Hickam
John B. Hickam (1914–1970), physician and educator, led IU’s Dept of Medicine and inspired “Hickam’s dictum” challenging diagnostic simplicity.
Jerome W. Conn
Jerome W. Conn (1907–1994) American endocrinologist. Described Conn syndrome (primary aldosteronism), transforming the diagnosis of hypertension.
AF Stanley Kent
A. F. Stanley Kent (1863–1958), cardiac physiologist; 'bundle of Kent', shaped early electrophysiology; pioneered industrial fatigue science
Frieda Robscheit-Robbins
Frieda Robscheit-Robbins (1888–1973), pioneering pathologist who advanced aneamia research, yet was overlooked for the 1934 Nobel despite major contributions.
Whipple disease
Whipple disease: rare systemic infection by Tropheryma whipplei. Explore its history, diagnosis, and treatment from 1907 discovery to present day
Guido Fanconi
Swiss paediatrician Guido Fanconi (1892–1979) defined Fanconi anaemia and Fanconi syndrome, shaping modern paediatrics and medical genetics.
George Hoyt Whipple
George Hoyt Whipple (1878–1976), Nobel winner, advanced anaemia therapy, coined thalassaemia, and described Whipple disease in 1907.
LITFL Update 068
Update 068. Sending you FOAMed content from around the globe. Latest trends and best articles so that you stay top of your field.