Snellen Chart Visual Acuity 680
Snellen chart

The Snellen chart is the classic tool for testing distance vision (visual acuity) and remains a cornerstone of eye examinations worldwide. Dutch ophthalmologist Herman Snellen (1834–1908) introduced optotypes, purpose-designed letters drawn on a 5×5 grid to maintain consistent proportions. Each…

Barlow Syndrome 680
Barlow syndrome

Barlow syndrome (primary billowing mitral leaflet syndrome (BMLS)). Auscultatory findings of late systolic murmur with non-ejection ('mid-late') systolic click