Armin Klein
Armin Klein (1892–1954), American orthopaedic surgeon known for Klein line and work on slipped capital femoral epiphysis, scoliosis and paediatric orthopaedics.
Klein line
Klein line is an AP hip radiographic sign used in suspected SCFE. Review the original description, modern interpretation, limitations and modified Klein line.
Dietrich Tönnis
Dietrich Tönnis (1927-2010), German paediatric orthopaedic surgeon known for the Tönnis angle, Tönnis classification, triple pelvic osteotomy and work on hip dysplasia.
Tönnis angle
Tönnis angle is the acetabular roof angle used to assess hip dysplasia. Review its measurement, normal ranges, history from Horváth and Hilgenreiner, and eponymythology.
The Physician Who Never Stops
Burnout, shift work, and sleep loss are ageing emergency physicians. A practical 30-minute framework to protect recovery, long-term health and longevity.
Perkins line
Perkins line is the vertical pelvic reference used with Hilgenreiner line in DDH assessment. Review its definition, 1928 origin, history and eponymythology
George Perkins
George Perkins (1892-1979) was an English orthopaedic surgeon known for Perkins line, Perkins traction, functional fracture treatment and British orthopaedic leadership.
Hilgenreiner line
Hilgenreiner line is the horizontal pelvic reference line used in paediatric hip radiographs. Review its use in DDH, history, Perkin line relationship and eponymythology.
Heinrich Hilgenreiner
Heinrich Hilgenreiner (1870–1953) was a German-Bohemian surgeon who pioneered early diagnosis and treatment of developmental hip dysplasia and described Hilgenreiner line.
W. Wayne Babcock
William Wayne Babcock Jr (1872-1963), American surgeon linked to spinal anaesthesia, Babcock forceps, vein stripping, cranioplasty and surgical innovation.
Physician Longevity
Do doctors live longer? A data-driven look at physician longevity, the female physician paradox, and why emergency medicine is being left behind today.
Rolando fracture
Rolando fracture is a comminuted intra-articular fracture of the base of the first metacarpal. History, mechanism, imaging, management and eponym.