INDICATIONS A – protection and patencyB – respiratory failure (hypercapnic or hypoxic), increase FRC, decrease WOB, secretion management/ pulmonary toilet, to facilitate bronchoscopyC – minimise oxygen consumption and optimize oxygen delivery (e.g. sepsis)D – unresponsive to pain, terminate seizure, prevent…
Basics of mechanical ventilation by Todd Fraser
Modes of Ventilation. Classification based on the following: Initiation; Cycle; Limit; and Pressure Regulated Volume Control
The use of neuromuscular blockade in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is controversial. Renewed interest since the French ACURASYS trial in 2010
Intralipid and lipid rescue therapy as an antidote of last resort in cardiotoxic overdoses of lipophilic agents (best described for bupivacaine)
Vancomycin: glycopeptide derivative; impairs cell wall synthesis of gram +ve bacteria
Warfarin: anticoagulant; prevents the synthesis of vitamin K dependent clotting factors; II, VII, IX & X in liver; prevents the reduction of vitamin K 2, 3-epoxide -> vitamin K
Left ventricular Function and Haemodynamic Assessment Echocardiography
Intracardiac Masses Echocardiography
TOE superior to TTE (90% vs 50% sensitive); echocardiographic findings are part of the major and minor criteria for diagnosis of infective endocarditis
Echocardiography = a group of interrelated ultrasound applications used to examine the heart and great vessels.